为了方便，我不会按照字母表顺序进行整理，背到哪个单词就整理哪个。从2025.7.8开始每天整理50个单词，希望可以坚持下去✊！

2025.7.8

1. serendipity: luck accidentally n. 意外发现珍奇事物的能力 result of serendipity

2. sterling: very good adj. 优秀的 stering qualities 近：superb

3. zealous: great enthusiasm adj. 热情的 a zealous political activist 近：impassioned, fervent, fiery zealotry n. 狂热的行为

4. discursive:

   1）without order: adj. 跑题的 （填空） the discursive style of the novel 小说东拉西扯的风格 近：rambling, digressive, aimless 2）analytical reasoning: adj. 分析的 （阅读） her formidable gift（让人感到害怕的才华）as a discursive writer 她作为一位分析作家的杰出天赋 近：analytical

5. tribute: respect and admiration n. 颂词，赞扬 记：contribution GRE表扬：eulogy, encomium, panegyric

6. minuscule: small a minuscule fragment of DNA 近：diminutive

7. specious: actually false 似是而非 adj. 虚假的 a specious argument 近：spurious, forged, artificial, bogus

8. disingenuous: not honest 心口不一, incorrect adj. 不真诚的，假惺惺的 记：ingenuous = naive 容易上当受骗的 a disingenuous complaint 近：hypocritical, affected

9. inveterate: always doing something and unlikely to stop adj. 恶性成瘾的，根深蒂固的 an inveterate liar 近：entrenched, chronic

10. deplete: reduce v. 耗尽 记：complete, deplete 近：exhaust, drain depletion n. 耗尽

11. capricious: change frequently or suddently adj. 善变的 记：砍价 a capricious woman 近：whimsical, mercurial, volatile, impulsive, erratic, fickle caprice n. 奇思妙想

12. unqualified: complete and total adj. 完全的，彻底的 -> 没有保留 记：qualified adj. 限制（表达），话别说的太满 unqualified support 近：unalloyed, absolute

13. ambivalent: having a mixture of opposing feelings adj. 矛盾的 an ambivalent attitude to marriage 近：contradictory

14. construe: understand v. 理解 construe the apporach as a hostile act（不友善的行为） 近：interpret misconstrue v. 误解

15. deteriorate: worse v. 恶化 deteriorating economic conditions 近：worsen, decline, degenerate, regress deterioration n. 恶化

16. insular: limited in outlook and narrow-minded adj. 狭隘的，没见过世面的 an insular foreign policy 近：parochial, provincial, sectarian 反：open-minded, cosmopolitan（眼界开阔，见过世面）

17. shackle: limit the freedom v. 束缚，阻碍 shackle by poverty and ignorance（无知） 近：stifle, manacle, trammel, rein

18. cumbersome: large and heacy adj. 笨重的 cumbersome machinery 近：ponderous, unwieldy cumber v. 阻碍

19. speculate: make guesses v. 推测 speculate about what might happen 近：conjecture speculation n. 推测，speculative adj. 猜测的

20. dogmatic: expressing personal opinions strongly as if they were correct adj. 武断的，自以为是的 记：dogged adj. 意志坚定 hold rigidly dogmatic views 近：doctrinaire, opinionated, subjective

21. conducive: make something easy or likely to happen = conductive adj. 有助益的 conducive to education 近：favorable

22. pedantic: too worried about small details or rules adj. 书呆子的 pedantic about punctuation

23. vociferous: loudly adj. 喧哗的，声音大 a vociferous opponent 近：clamorous, boisterous

24. perfunctory: lacking in interest adj. 不走心的，呵呵的，敷衍 perfunctory smile 近：cursory, casual

25. draconian: very strict 惧怕/严厉的感觉 adj. 十分严厉的 draconian regulation 近：rigorous, stringent, severe

26. hodgepodge: mixture n. 混合，大杂烩 记：hotpot 火锅 a hodgepodge of styles 近：patchwork, pastiche (pasta)

27. whimsical: unusual, playful and unpredictable adj. 反复无常的 记：whim 灵光乍现 -> 老是灵光乍现 近：capricious, fickle

28. tenacious: very determined adj. 坚定的，执着的 a tenacious advocate of civil rights 近：pertinacious, resolve, steadfast

29. skulduggery: dishonest or illegal n. 欺骗 commercial skulduggery 近：chicanery, artfice

30. ameliorate: make it better v. 改善 ameliorate living standards 近：refine, improve

31. extirpate: destory or remove completely v. 根除 记：extir 根茎 extirpate the smoking habit 近：eradicate, eliminate, exterminate extirpation n. 根除

32. fallacy: a wrong belief n. 错误，谬论 记：fall = false common fallacy 近：erroneousness (err = error), falsehood, myth (神话 -> 虚构) fallacious adj. 错误的

33. grandiose: impressive but not practical adj. 浮夸的，华而不实的 记：grand 体积、数量大 近：ostentatious, pretenticous, pompous

34. corroborate: provide evidence to support something v. 证实 记：rob <- robust 强 corroborate these results 近：substantiate, buttress

35. vexation: annoyance n. 烦恼 vexation of everyday things 近：chagrin vex v. 使烦恼 (v ex 五个前任 -> 烦恼)

36. obeisance: respect n. 尊重 pay obeisance to the Prince 近：homage

37. prying: trying to find about other people's private lives adj. 爱打听的，窥探的 记：pry v. 打听 pryig eyes 近：inquisitive（好奇，十万个为什么）, officious（多管闲事）

38. censorious: criticizing and expressing disapproval adj. 爱挑剔的，苛刻的 censorious comments 近：captious, fastidious censure v. 指责

39. peripatetic: walking about adj. 漫游的 记：per 四周 + pat = ped 脚 -> 走来走去 a peripatetic lifestyle 四处游历的生活方式 近：nomadic（游牧民族）, itinerant

40. indict: to officially charge（指控） someone v. 控告，起诉 indict him for murder 近：excoriate, incriminate

41. misnomer: a wrong use of a name n. 用词不当，误称 'slient movie' is a misnomer since the movies usually had a musical accompaniment

42. wary: careful adj. 小心谨慎的 记：ware -> aware 时刻意识清醒 be wary of strangers 近：chary, circumspect, cautious

43. exhilarate: happy v. 使高兴 记：hilar 希拉里 -> 开心 exhilarated by her success

44. predicament: a difficult situation n. 困境 a financial predicament 近：dilemma, plight, quandary

45. jar: conflict v. 冲突 His opinion jarred with ours. jarring adj. 相冲突的，刺耳的

46. opulent: grand and expensive adj. 豪华的 opulent venue 近：luxurious

47. malady: illness n. 疾病 记：mal = terrible a fatal malady 致命的疾病 近：ailment, condition, complaint

48. clandestine: secret adj. 秘密的 clandestine love affair 秘密的恋情 近：convert（盖住）, furtive, surreptitious

49. knotty: complex adj. 复杂的 an array of knotty issues 近：intricate, convoluted, involved, labyrinthine, complicated

50. dichotomy: opposition n. 对立，矛盾 记：hoto 切 a dichotomy between his public and private lives 近：contradiction

2025.7.9

1. courteous: polite

   adj. 有礼貌的

   记：court n. 宫廷 -> 有礼貌

   courteous hotel staff

   近：urbane

2. truculent: aggressive

   adj. 好斗的，脾气不好的

   a truculent attitude

   近：belligerent（belli = 战斗）, pugnacious, combative, bellicose

3. insouciant: free from concern = unconcerned

   adj. 不在乎的

   an insouciant shrug 无所谓的耸耸肩

   近：indifferent, nonchalant

4. flagrant: extremely bad in an obvious way 明目张胆干坏事

   adj. 明目张胆的

   记：flare 火焰

   a flagrant violation of law

   近：blatant, egregious（greg 群居）

5. anachronistic

   1）wrong time: adj. 时代错误的，穿越的

   anachronistic commentary

   近：ahistorical

   2）out of date or old-fashioned: adj. 过时的

   an anachronistic view

   近：obsolete, outmoded

6. venerate: respect

   v. 尊敬

   venerated as a saint 被奉为圣人

   近：revere, deify

7. upheaval: a big change that cause problem

   n. （引起问题的）剧变

   political upheaval

   近：convulsion, maelstrom 动荡不安

8. mendacity: lying

   n. 欺骗

   a business full of mendacity 充满欺骗的行业

   近：prevarication

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